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Diffuse nebulae

Started by Inge_S, 01/02/2006 02:50PM
Posted 01/02/2006 02:50PM | Edited 01/02/2006 02:53PM Opening Post
In spite of unstable weather conditions and disturbing aurorae I have made a few observations the last week. Due to bad seeing I have mainly observed objects at low magnification, and I'm becoming more and more fond of diffuse nebulae. They come in all kinds of shape, size and brightness.

The Rosette complex in Monoceros is a very interesting object for visual observation with a filter. At first glance it may seem faint and featureless, but with some patience it is possible to capture its erratic outline and the dark lanes (bok globules) criss-crossing the bright parts. For observers who are frustrated by the horsehead nebula, the Rosette neubla offers many good (and much easier) alternative dark features against a brighter background.

Monoceros contains many additional nebulae, like NGC2261, Hubble's variable nebula. This one is much smaller and brighter than the Rosette, and should be observed at higher magnification. I'm interested to hear if anyone have been able to detect variable features of this nebula visually. It may be optimistic, but would be really interesting.

The great Orion nebula is, of course a very frequently observed object. As such, maybe we don't pay enough attention to its more subtle details. I have to admit that too often I have zoomed in on the Trapezium and forgotten the delicate structures in the outer parts of M42. Due to its brightness I haven't often used a filter when observing M42. However, it is clear that an O-III filter gives a different view of this object. I find that it makes out more whisps and filaments in the brighter parts.

The nebulosity near Zeta Orionis also contains interesting detail. It is generally a good idea to keep the bright star outside the field of view. It is generally recommended to observe this nebula with a filter. However, I often prefer to observe it without a filter. I have not seen the Horsehead nebula. Orion doesn't get very high in my sky, and I don't have a Hydrogen-beta filter. I suppose that a dark transparent sky and absence of ambient light is more essential than aperture for observation of the Horeshead.

The nebulae mentioned here is just a start for the lover of diffuse nebulae. The reflection nebulosity in the Pleiades can be seen with a small scope (although I didn't see it until I got my 12.5-inch). There are many good emission nebulae in Auriga, Perseus, Cassiopeia, Cepheus and Cygnus. And you lucky guys who have access to Sagittarius and surroundings (not to speak of the southern skies) have still much more to choose from.

Observation reports about such nebulae are very welcome (as well as anything else, of course). Good reports about the brighter nebulae are just as interesting as records of glimpsing the faint fuzzies.

Inge S
Posted 01/02/2006 03:37PM #1
Inge
I agree that the diffuse nebulae are targets worthy of study. I feel that I have seen variability in Hubble's variable nebula. However, the variability has been from year to year and therefore my saying that I have seen variability in it is very dependent on my "mind's eye" recollection of it from previous years. I have simply noted that it seems to be brighter and larger some years than others. It is certainly possible that differences in atmospheric transparency could account for some of what I have thought to be variability in the nebula itself.
With some embarassment I will tell the story of my first encounter with Hubble's variable nebula. I was observing with the 30 inch Dob that our club had before I acquired the 40 inch. I was out in the predawn hours on Halloween (October 31) and was cruising around in Monoceros after looking at the Rosette. I stumbled upon Hubble's variable nebula which I had never even heard of before. I was convinced I had a comet. I closed up the observatory and headed back to town. I emailed my observing buddy, Mark Birkmann, and described what I had seen and where. Mark emailed back that I might have seen Hubble's Variable Nebula. I looked up an image on the web and realized that was exactly what I had done. Good thing I didn't email Brian Marsden. I would almost bet that over the years some newbie has done exactly that.
As to the Orion nebula, I agree that it has many layers of complexity. It is amazing to me how much more I see in it some nights compared to others. While transparency is important, I think atmospheric stability (seeing) may be more important. On the most stable of nights with big aperture the nebulosity in the trapezium area is absolutely sprinkled with 14th to 16th magnitude stars. I see many more some nights than others with the seeing seeming to be the deciding factor. I have even found that the choice of eyepieces makes a difference. I most often look at the Orion nebula with a wide field Nagler eyepiece. On one occasion when a club member was out at the scope with me, he put a 32 mm 2 inch Plossl style eyepiece in on a night of good seeing and we saw subtle vertical bands in the nebulosity that I had not been aware of before. That same night these bands were much less evident in a Nagler. Sorry I can't remember which Nagler I tried at the time, it was years ago. Thanks for your stimulating post, Inge.
Posted 01/03/2006 05:21PM #2
Inge,

With my small scopes, I must content myself observing the brightest emission nebulae M8, M17, M42, M43.

The wonderful thing about the Great Orion nebula is that it clearly appears three dimensional in my small scope. The dark areas lie in front of the light areas. No other object that I observe, excepting perhaps the moon, shows such a 3-D effect.

I wonder if the effect improves with greater aperture.

Rick

8" Zhumell Dob
90mm f11 achro refractor
4-1/2 f4 rich field newt reflector
Posted 01/04/2006 07:16AM #3
Auriga contains several diffuse nebulae. None of them are really famous show objects, but the easiest one, NGC1931 can be seen in almost any small scope. IC405, the "Flaming Star Nebula" is often shown on photos, but it is very difficult visually. The most interesting nebula of Auriga in my opinion is IC410. This is an emission nebula involved in the coarse cluster, NGC1893, which is easily located just west of the small asterism made up by 14, 16, 17, 18 and 19 Aurigae. It is very difficult to see without a filter but O-III works very well. In fact it reminds me a bit of the Crescent nebula (6888) in Cygnus.

Inge S