What's it going to take (besides photos like this one) for American Astronomers and Physicists to abandon Newton and Einstein and Gravitation as the primary moving force of this cosmos? Many of the Europeans are embracing thermodynamics as the motor within this universe. Hence the title of this thread, "The End of Certainty" by Ilya Prigigine - Nobel Prize winner in Physical Chemistry and has 42 institutes around the world bearing his name including one in Austin, Texas at the U. of Texas. Prigogine contends that James Clerk Maxwell hit it in the 1850's but because of his youth and Newton's God like status didn't push his thermodynamics to the fore where it belonged.<br><br>Bob<br>