OTA -Optical Tube Assembly (the actual telescope part) APO - apochromatic (high end refractor) Achro- achromatic (lower to mid end refractor) EP - eyepiece (duh) Alt-AZ - altitude/azimuth mount (not equitorial) GEM - german equitorial mount (the classic mount with counterweights)
I think those are the main ones you see around here. Maybe a few others people will remember and chime in?