News
Vanderbuilt Astronomers Map the Star Forming Winds of M42 -- the Orion Nebula
Located at a distance of about 1,600 light years from Earth, the Orion Nebula is the brightest diffuse nebula in the sky and is visible to the naked eye. Utilizing new data from the Hubble Space Telescope, Vanderbuilt University astronomers have been mapping the winds blowing in M42 to get a better idea of how stellar forming currents are incubating new stars.
The World’s Most Famous Equation Turned 100 in 2005... and Now it is Proven Accurate to One Part in a Million
In 1905 Albert Einstein published three landmark papers that revolutionized our understanding of the Universe -- papers on Brownian motion, the Photoelectric Effect, and Special Relativity. The most famous formula in science, E=mc(squared), turned 100 years old in 2005. To mark the occasion, 2005 was designated by the United Nations as the International Year of Physics. Now, physicists at MIT, the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) in the US, and the Institute Laue Langevin (ILL) in France have determined that the formula predicting that energy and mass are equivalent is correct to an incredible accuracy of better than one part in a million.
Cornell Astronomers Ask: What Happens When Worlds Collide?
In about five billion years, the Milky Way and Andromeda Galaxies will collide much like the two galaxies NGC 4038 and NGC 4039 in this image, which are known as the Antennae Galaxies. Most of the hundreds of billions of stars in each of the galaxies will never actually collide, but will pass rather freely between each other with little damage. This however, will not be the case for the interstellar matter consisting largely of clouds of debris, dust, and gas. The high relative velocities and pressures between the interacting interstellar clouds will pull, twist, and distort the two galaxies and trigger a firestorm of star formation.
XMM-Newton Detects Debris Circling a Black Hole at One Tenth the Speed of Light
Astrophysicists from the University of Oxford, using the European Space Agency (ESA) XMM (X-ray Multi-Mirror) Newton Observatory, have been able to trace gas and debris on a complete journey around a massive black hole, clocking it at one tenth the speed of light as it swirls around the accretion disk.
Size Of Pluto's Moon Charon Determined With Unprecedented Accuracy
MIT and Willams College Astronomers used the 8-meter Gemini South, the 6.5-meter Clay, the 2.5-meter du Pont, and the 0.8-meter Cerro Armazones telescopes in Chile to take advantage of a rare stellar occultation that permitted Charon's size to be determined with unprecedented accuracy -- 606 km ± 8 km.
U of Iowa Astronomers Find a Star Orbiting a Black Hole in M82
University of Iowa researchers have found a star orbiting a "medium-sized" black hole -- about 1,000 times more massive than the sun -- in the nearby galaxy M82. The discovery may help confirm the existence of a class of black holes that are larger than black holes produced by the collapse of a single normal star and smaller than the supermassive black holes found in the center of galaxies.
The New Year Arrived One Second Late
The speed of the Earth's rotation is continually changing -- partly due to varying weather patterns and geological disturbances, but more importantly due to the friction of tides raised by the Sun and Moon, which cause a systematic lengthening of the day. To account for this gradual slowing down of the Earth's rotation, a leap second was added at the end of 2005 by the U.S. Naval Observatory (USNO), thus delaying the arrival of 2006 by one second.
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